Effectiveness of ACE Inhibitor Compared with Angiotensin Receptor Blockade in Reducing Chronic Renal Deterioration
1Iram Shehzadi, 2Dr Maryam Qaisar, 3Zakir Ullah Khan, 4Muqaddas sheikh, 5Zainb Sharif, 6Ali Haider Bajwa, 7Laraib Hashmi, 8Sardar Khizar Hayat
1Dr Faisal Masood Teaching Hospital Sargodha, Internal Medicine Resident (PGY-III)
2Dr Faisal Masood Teaching Hospital Sargodha, Internal Medicine Resident
3Medical Registrar, Tipperary University Hospital, Clonmel Ireland.
4Institute of Food science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha
5Medical Intern, Tipperary University Hospital, Clonmel
6Mymensingh Medical College
7Services Institute of Medical Sciences
8King Edward Medical University
AbstractBackground: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of renal function and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pharmacological inhibition of the renin–angiotensin system remains an important component of CKD management, particularly in patients with hypertension and albuminuria. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in preserving renal function and slowing the progression of CKD among adult patients. Methodology: A comparative clinical study was conducted among adults diagnosed with CKD who were receiving either an ACE inhibitor or an ARB as part of their treatment. Participants were divided into two groups according to their prescribed therapy. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were documented, including age, sex, blood pressure, diabetes status, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinary protein or albumin excretion. Patients were followed for changes in renal function, blood pressure, proteinuria, and progression of CKD. The outcomes of the two treatment groups were compared using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Patients receiving ACE inhibitor therapy demonstrated favorable stabilization of renal function during follow-up, while those receiving ARB therapy also showed significant preservation of kidney function. Both treatment groups experienced reductions in blood pressure and urinary protein excretion. Conclusion: ACE inhibitors and ARBs appear to be effective therapeutic options for slowing CKD progression and preserving renal function, particularly among patients with hypertension and proteinuria. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, renal protection, eGFR, proteinuria, hypertension, kidney function, renin–angiotensin system